TM country scene

Asylum and Refugee Status Procedure

TurkmenistanHumanitarian protection

Explore the five recorded questions, answers and sources for this pathway.

Official link

What exactly is this: asylum, temporary protection, humanitarian admission, resettlement or another protection mechanism?

This is the asylum / refugee-status procedure of Turkmenistan: Turkmenistan adopted its Law on Refugees in 1997 and acceded to the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol in 1998. UNHCR notes that no asylum-seeker has been registered by the authorities since 2009.

See recorded sources

Which population, circumstances or geographic group does the mechanism cover?

Not having identity documents is not a reason to refuse an asylum application. The official source does not state the refugee definition or which populations or circumstances qualify for protection.

See recorded sources
Limits of the record
  • The captured texts do not state the refugee definition or which populations/circumstances qualify for protection.

Where can protection be requested, and is this a direct application, border/in-country request, referral or other process?

The asylum application must be submitted in writing. It can be made in person or through an authorised representative at the State Migration Service where the person is staying; at an official border crossing to the State Migration Service on arrival; or, for a person who entered irregularly (without valid documents) due to forced displacement, directly to the State Border Service.

See recorded sources
  • https://help.unhcr.org/centralasia/turkmenistan/information-for-asylum-seekers-and-refugees-in-turkmenistan/
    If you are seeking asylum in Turkmenistan, you need to submit your asylum application in writing. You can apply: In person or through an authorized representative at the State Migration Service in the place where you are staying; At an official border crossing, to the State Migration Service when you arrive in the country; If you entered Turkmenistan irregularly (without valid documents) due to forced displacement, directly to the State Border Service

What happens after the request: registration, family handling, major support and rights where officially stated?

After applying, the asylum-seeker receives a temporary certificate of registration that confirms legal stay and allows access to services and remaining in the country while the application is reviewed. During review the applicant receives information on rights, duties and the process, may be asked to undergo a medical examination, and unaccompanied children are supported by child protection authorities. A decision is issued within three months of registration, or up to one year if further review is required; a rejection is notified in writing and can be appealed in court within one month of receiving the notice, with protection from forcible return during the appeal. Under the Law on Refugees asylum-seekers have the right to free interpretation and legal help, temporary housing, food, medical services and education for their children, work opportunities at the temporary accommodation site, free transport to the site, family reunification, judicial protection and legal representation, and voluntary return or relocation.

See recorded sources

Which competent authority, UN body or official assistance channel should the person use?

The competent authority is the State Migration Service (SMS), the government body managing asylum procedures, including registering asylum-seekers and determining refugee status. People wishing to apply should contact the SMS or its nearest office (for example Ashgabat, 18 Bitarap Turkmenistan Ave., phone +993 12 38 0011).

See recorded sources
Limits of the record
  • UNHCR's own contact channel in Turkmenistan and any fraud/scam warning are on separate UNHCR pages that are not in the captured text.

These are the answers currently recorded in the catalogue. A missing or partial answer is not an eligibility decision.

Your story.
Your next step.

Explore pathways in Turkmenistan →