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Business Visa — standard capital route

South AfricaStarting a business

Explore the five recorded questions, answers and sources for this pathway.

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Is this for a founder, startup entrepreneur, self-employed person, freelancer, company owner or another business profile?

The business visa is for a foreigner who invests capital into a South African business, either by establishing a business or investing in one that is not yet established in the Republic, or by having already established a business or invested in an existing business there. The Immigration Regulations, 2014 set out the two cases separately with near-identical documents, the difference being whether the money is available or already invested. It is an owner-investor route with a local employment obligation, not a freelance or self-employment permission: the applicant must undertake that at least 60% of the total staff complement employed in the operations of the business will be South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently in various positions.

See recorded sources
Limits of the record
  • The captured source does not describe any start-up, innovation or sole-trader variant of the business visa, nor the treatment of a freelancer with no staff.
  • The Immigration Regulations, 2014 were captured as published on 22 May 2014; later amendments to them, including the amendment that inserted regulation 18(12) and (13) referred to by the 2024 points-based system notice, were not captured in this run and could have changed this text.

What must actually exist or be demonstrated: business plan, company, innovation, clients, contracts, economic activity, job creation or other substance?

The substance required is registration, local employment and an official view of the business. The applicant must undertake to register with the South African Revenue Service, the Unemployment Insurance Fund, the Compensation Fund for Occupational Injuries and Diseases, the Companies and Intellectual Properties Commission where legally required, and the relevant professional body, board or council recognised by SAQA where applicable, submitting all certificates to the Director-General upon registration. The applicant must undertake that at least 60% of the total staff complement employed in the operations of the business will be South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently in various positions, with proof of compliance submitted within 12 months of issuance of the visa, and must within 12 months submit a letter of confirmation from the Department of Labour that the 60% is met. The application must also carry a letter of recommendation from the Department of Trade and Industry regarding the feasibility of the business and its contribution to the national interest of the Republic. Where the foreigner invests in an existing business, financial statements for the preceding financial year and proof of investment are required in addition.

See recorded sources
Limits of the record
  • The captured source does not state what a business plan must contain, or how the Department of Trade and Industry assesses feasibility and national interest.
  • The Immigration Regulations, 2014 were captured as published on 22 May 2014; later amendments to them, including the amendment that inserted regulation 18(12) and (13) referred to by the 2024 points-based system notice, were not captured in this run and could have changed this text.

What investment, capital, income, revenue, funding or viability evidence is central to this pathway?

For the standard business route, at least R5,000,000 in cash from outside South Africa, or cash plus a capital contribution of new machinery/equipment, must be available for investment. A registered chartered, professional or business accountant certifies availability; for an established business the contribution may already be invested, with prior-year financial statements and proof of investment. A Trade and Industry recommendation addresses feasibility and contribution to the national interest. Section15(3) permits a discretionary reduction or waiver for prescribed national-interest businesses or at Trade and Industry request; the standard amount is not an unconditional amount for every case.

See recorded sources
Limits of the record
  • No specific reduced amount or automatic waiver is established for an individual application.
  • https://dirco.gov.za/copenhagen/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/BUSINESS-VISA.pdf
    An application for a business visa by a foreigner who intends to establish a business or invest in a business that is not yet established in the Republic of South Africa, shall be accompanied by – a) a certificate or a factual finding report issued by a chartered accountant registered with the  South African Institute of Chartered Accountants, a professional accountant registered with the South African Institute of Professional Accountants or a business accountant registered with the South African Institute for Business Accountants to the effect that – i. at least R5 000 000,00 in cash, originating from outside the Republic, is available to be invested in the business; or ii. at least R5 000 000,00 in cash and a capital contribution (must be new machinery and / or equipment), originating from outside the Republic, is available to be invested in the business; (See note below in respect of the reduction or waiver of the capitalisation requirements)  b) an undertaking by the applicant that at least 60% of the total staff complement to be employed in the operations of the business shall be South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently in various positions: Provided that proof of compliance with this undertaking shall be submitted within 12 months of issuance of the visa; c) an undertaking to register with the –  i. South African Revenue Service; ii. Unemployment Insurance Fund; iii. Compensation Fund for Occupational Injuries and Diseases; iv. Companies and Intellectual Properties Commission (CIPC), where legally required; and v. relevant professional body, board or council recognised by SAQA in terms of section 13(1)(i) of the National Qualifications Framework Act, where applicable, Provided that upon registration, all certificates shall be submitted to the Director- General; and d) a letter of recommendation from the Department of Trade and Industry regarding – i. the feasibility of the business; and  2 SOUTH AFRICAN EMBASSY DEN SYDAFRIKANSKE AMBASSADE COPENHAGEN – DENMARK Gammel Vartov Vej 8, DK-2900 Hellerup, Telephone: +45 39 18 01 85, e-mail: copenhagen.consular@dirco.gov.za ii. the contribution to the national interest of the Republic of South Africa. (Applicants should contact the Department of Trade and Industry directly to enquire about obtaining such recommendation: vrecom@thedti.gov.za.) An application for a business visa by a foreigner who has established a business or invested in an existing business in the Republic of South Africa, shall be accompanied by – a) a certificate or a factual finding report issued by a chartered accountant registered with the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants, a professional accountant registered with  the South African Institute of Professional Accountants or a business accountant registered with the South African Institute for Business Accountants to the effect that – i. at least R5 000 000,00 in cash, originating from outside the Republic, is available to be invested or already invested in the business; or ii. at least R5 000 000,00 in cash and a capital contribution (must be new machinery and / or equipment), originating from outside the Republic, is available to be invested or already invested in the business; (See note below in respect of the reduction or waiver of the capitalisation requirements)  b) proof that at least 60% of the total staff complement employed in the operations of the business shall be South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently in various positions;  c) proof of registration with the – i. South African Revenue Service; ii. Unemployment Insurance Fund; iii. Compensation Fund for Occupational Injuries and Diseases; iv. Companies and Intellectual Properties Commission (CIPC), where legally required; and v. relevant professional body, board or council recognised by SAQA in terms of section 13(1)(i) of the National Qualifications Framework Act, where applicable; d) a letter of recommendation from the Department of Trade and Industry regarding – i. the feasibility of the business; and ii. the contribution to the national interest of the Republic of South Africa;  (Applicants should contact the Department of Trade and Industry directly to enquire about obtaining such recommendation: vrecom@thedti.gov.za.) A foreigner who has established a business or has invested in an existing business shall, in addition, submit –  a) financial statements in respect of the preceding financial year; and  3 SOUTH AFRICAN EMBASSY DEN SYDAFRIKANSKE AMBASSADE COPENHAGEN – DENMARK Gammel Vartov Vej 8, DK-2900 Hellerup, Telephone: +45 39 18 01 85, e-mail: copenhagen.consular@dirco.gov.za b) proof of investment. 
  • https://www.dha.gov.za/images/PDFs/ImmigrationRegulations2014-Updated2018-compressed.pdf
    14 Business visa (1) An application for a business visa by a foreigner who intends to establish a business or invest in a business that is not yet established in the Republic, shall be accompanied by- (a) a certificate or a factual finding report issued by a chartered accountant registered with the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants, a professional accountant registered with the South African Institute of Professional Accountants or a business accountant registered with the South African Institute for Business Accountants to the effect that- (i) at least an amount in cash to be invested in the Republic as determined from time to time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available; or (ii) at least an amount in cash and a capital contribution as determined from time to time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available; (b) an undertaking by the applicant that at least 60% of the total staff complement to be employed in the operations of the business shall be South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently in various positions: Provided that proof of compliance with this undertaking shall be submitted within 12 months of the issuance of the visa; (c) an undertaking to register with the- (i) South African Revenue Service; (ii) Unemployment Insurance Fund; (iii) Compensation Fund for Occupational Injuries and Diseases; (iv) Companies and Intellectual Properties Commission (CIPC), where legally required; and (v) relevant professional body, board or council recognised by SAQA in terms of section 13(1)(i) of the National Qualifications Framework Act, where applicable, Provided that upon registration, all certificates shall be submitted to the Director- General; (d) a police clearance certificate; and (e) a letter of recommendation from the Department of Trade and Industry regarding- (i) the feasibility of the business; and (ii) the contribution to the national interest of the Republic. (2) An application for a business visa by a foreigner who has established a business or invested in an existing business in the Republic, shall be accompanied by- (a) a certificate or a factual finding report issued by a chartered accountant registered with the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants, a professional accountant registered with the South African Institute of Professional Accountants or a business accountant registered with the South African Institute for Business Accountants to the effect that- (i) at least an amount in cash as determined from time to time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available or already invested in the Republic; or (ii) at least an amount in cash and a capital contribution as determined from time-to-time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available or already invested in the Republic; (b) proof that at least 60% of the total staff complement employed in the operations of the business are South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently in various positions; (c) proof of registration with the- (i) South African Revenue Service; (ii) Unemployment Insurance Fund; (iii) Compensation Fund for Occupational Injuries and Diseases; (iv) Companies and Intellectual Properties Commission (CIPC), where legally required; and (v) relevant professional body, board or council recognised by SAQA in terms of section 13(1)(i) of the National Qualifications Framework Act, where applicable; (d) a police clearance certificate; and (e) a letter of recommendation from the Department of Trade and Industry regarding- (i) the feasibility of the business; and (ii) the contribution to the national interest of the Republic. (3) A foreigner who invests in a business to be established or has invested in an existing business shall, in addition to complying with subregulation (2), submit- (a) financial statements in respect of the preceding financial year; and (b) proof of the investment. (4) The applicant must, within 12 months of the visa being issued, submit to the Director-General a letter from the Department of Labour confirming that a report regarding the undertaking referred to in section 15(1)(c)(ii) of the Act that 60% of the staff complement employed in the operations of the business are South African citizens or permanent residents who are employed permanently in various positions. (5) A business visa may be issued for a period not exceeding three years at a time. [Reg. 14 substituted by GN R1328 of 29 November 2018 (wef 1 December 2018).]
  • https://www.dha.gov.za/images/PDFs/IMMIGRATION-ACT-2002---UPDATED-2015.pdf
    (2) The holder of a business visa may not conduct work other than work related to the business in respect of which the visa has been issued. (3) The Director-General may reduce or waive the financial or capital contribution referred to in subsection (1)(a) for businesses which are prescribed to be in the national interest, or when so requested by the Department of Trade and Industry. (Section 15(3) substituted by section 5 of Act 3 of 2007) (4) The holder of a business visa shall submit proof to the satisfaction of the Director-General that he or she has fulfilled the requirements contemplated in subsection (1)(a) within 24 months of the issuance of the visa, and within every two years thereafter. (5) A business visa may be issued to a foreigner for more than one entry if multiple entries into the Republic by that foreigner over a period of time are necessary for that foreigner to conduct the business in question effectively. (Section 15 substituted by section 17 of Act 19 of 2004)
  • https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/201409/37837gon560.pdf
    STAATSKOERANT, 15 JULIE 2014 No. 37837 3 GOVERNMENT NOTICES DEPARTMENT OF HOME AFFAIRS No. 560 15 July 2014 IMMIGRATION ACT, 2002 (Act No. 13 of 2002) [Sections 15(1)(a) and 27(c), read with Regulations 14(1)(a) and (2)(a) and 24(5)(a) and (b)] FINANCIAL OR CAPITAL CONTRIBUTION FOR BUSINESS IN RESPECT OF BUSINESS VISA AND PERMANENT RESIDENCE PERMIT I, Mr M K N Gigaba, MP, Minister of Home Affairs, have, in terms of sections 15(1)(a) and 27(c) of the Immigration Act, 2002 (Act No. 13 of 2002) and after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, determine the amount in cash, originating from outside the Republic, to be invested in a business to be established or in an existing business in the Republic, to be R5 000 000,00. The capital contribution must be new machinery and or equipment. MR M K P MINISTER OF HOME AFFAIRS This gazette is also available free online at www.gpwonline.co.za

What business/self-employed activity may the holder conduct? Are there important restrictions? What is the family position where clearly stated?

The holder may perform only work related to the business for which the visa was issued. At least60percent of staff must be South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently, with compliance demonstrated within12months; applicable tax, UIF, compensation, company and professional registrations are required. The May2024 regulation11(4)(c) expressly permits a spouse or child to apply under the visitor category to accompany a business visa holder (Act section15). This linked visitor category does not itself establish work rights for the family member.

See recorded sources
Limits of the record
  • A second unrelated business and separate work authorisation for accompanying family are not established. Admission is subject to its own application and conditions.
  • https://www.dha.gov.za/images/PDFs/IMMIGRATION-ACT-2002---UPDATED-2015.pdf
    (2) The holder of a business visa may not conduct work other than work related to the business in respect of which the visa has been issued. (3) The Director-General may reduce or waive the financial or capital contribution referred to in subsection (1)(a) for businesses which are prescribed to be in the national interest, or when so requested by the Department of Trade and Industry. (Section 15(3) substituted by section 5 of Act 3 of 2007) (4) The holder of a business visa shall submit proof to the satisfaction of the Director-General that he or she has fulfilled the requirements contemplated in subsection (1)(a) within 24 months of the issuance of the visa, and within every two years thereafter. (5) A business visa may be issued to a foreigner for more than one entry if multiple entries into the Republic by that foreigner over a period of time are necessary for that foreigner to conduct the business in question effectively. (Section 15 substituted by section 17 of Act 19 of 2004)
  • https://www.dha.gov.za/images/PDFs/ImmigrationRegulations2014-Updated2018-compressed.pdf
    14 Business visa (1) An application for a business visa by a foreigner who intends to establish a business or invest in a business that is not yet established in the Republic, shall be accompanied by- (a) a certificate or a factual finding report issued by a chartered accountant registered with the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants, a professional accountant registered with the South African Institute of Professional Accountants or a business accountant registered with the South African Institute for Business Accountants to the effect that- (i) at least an amount in cash to be invested in the Republic as determined from time to time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available; or (ii) at least an amount in cash and a capital contribution as determined from time to time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available; (b) an undertaking by the applicant that at least 60% of the total staff complement to be employed in the operations of the business shall be South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently in various positions: Provided that proof of compliance with this undertaking shall be submitted within 12 months of the issuance of the visa; (c) an undertaking to register with the- (i) South African Revenue Service; (ii) Unemployment Insurance Fund; (iii) Compensation Fund for Occupational Injuries and Diseases; (iv) Companies and Intellectual Properties Commission (CIPC), where legally required; and (v) relevant professional body, board or council recognised by SAQA in terms of section 13(1)(i) of the National Qualifications Framework Act, where applicable, Provided that upon registration, all certificates shall be submitted to the Director- General; (d) a police clearance certificate; and (e) a letter of recommendation from the Department of Trade and Industry regarding- (i) the feasibility of the business; and (ii) the contribution to the national interest of the Republic. (2) An application for a business visa by a foreigner who has established a business or invested in an existing business in the Republic, shall be accompanied by- (a) a certificate or a factual finding report issued by a chartered accountant registered with the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants, a professional accountant registered with the South African Institute of Professional Accountants or a business accountant registered with the South African Institute for Business Accountants to the effect that- (i) at least an amount in cash as determined from time to time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available or already invested in the Republic; or (ii) at least an amount in cash and a capital contribution as determined from time-to-time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available or already invested in the Republic; (b) proof that at least 60% of the total staff complement employed in the operations of the business are South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently in various positions; (c) proof of registration with the- (i) South African Revenue Service; (ii) Unemployment Insurance Fund; (iii) Compensation Fund for Occupational Injuries and Diseases; (iv) Companies and Intellectual Properties Commission (CIPC), where legally required; and (v) relevant professional body, board or council recognised by SAQA in terms of section 13(1)(i) of the National Qualifications Framework Act, where applicable; (d) a police clearance certificate; and (e) a letter of recommendation from the Department of Trade and Industry regarding- (i) the feasibility of the business; and (ii) the contribution to the national interest of the Republic. (3) A foreigner who invests in a business to be established or has invested in an existing business shall, in addition to complying with subregulation (2), submit- (a) financial statements in respect of the preceding financial year; and (b) proof of the investment. (4) The applicant must, within 12 months of the visa being issued, submit to the Director-General a letter from the Department of Labour confirming that a report regarding the undertaking referred to in section 15(1)(c)(ii) of the Act that 60% of the staff complement employed in the operations of the business are South African citizens or permanent residents who are employed permanently in various positions. (5) A business visa may be issued for a period not exceeding three years at a time. [Reg. 14 substituted by GN R1328 of 29 November 2018 (wef 1 December 2018).]
  • https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/202405/50675rg11704gon4847.pdf
    (c) to accompany the holder of a visa issued in terms of sections 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20 or 22 of the Act: Provided that such a foreigner must be the spouse or child of the holder of such visa; or

What approval/application sequence applies, how long is the status granted, how is it renewed, and what longer-term residence direction is officially stated?

The business visa application requires the accountant capital evidence and a DTIC feasibility/national-interest recommendation; DTIC has used the online VRS for initial, extension and permanent residence recommendations since10March2025. A business visa may be granted for at most three years at a time. Staffing compliance is demonstrated within12months. Section15(4) requires proof that the capital requirement was fulfilled within24months of issue and every two years thereafter. An extension remains an application rather than an automatic entitlement. A DTIC permanent residence recommendation is part of a separate process and is not a guarantee of permanent residence.

See recorded sources
Limits of the record
  • A complete current renewal checklist, processing time and guaranteed transition to permanent residence or citizenship are not established here.
  • https://www.dha.gov.za/images/PDFs/ImmigrationRegulations2014-Updated2018-compressed.pdf
    14 Business visa (1) An application for a business visa by a foreigner who intends to establish a business or invest in a business that is not yet established in the Republic, shall be accompanied by- (a) a certificate or a factual finding report issued by a chartered accountant registered with the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants, a professional accountant registered with the South African Institute of Professional Accountants or a business accountant registered with the South African Institute for Business Accountants to the effect that- (i) at least an amount in cash to be invested in the Republic as determined from time to time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available; or (ii) at least an amount in cash and a capital contribution as determined from time to time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available; (b) an undertaking by the applicant that at least 60% of the total staff complement to be employed in the operations of the business shall be South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently in various positions: Provided that proof of compliance with this undertaking shall be submitted within 12 months of the issuance of the visa; (c) an undertaking to register with the- (i) South African Revenue Service; (ii) Unemployment Insurance Fund; (iii) Compensation Fund for Occupational Injuries and Diseases; (iv) Companies and Intellectual Properties Commission (CIPC), where legally required; and (v) relevant professional body, board or council recognised by SAQA in terms of section 13(1)(i) of the National Qualifications Framework Act, where applicable, Provided that upon registration, all certificates shall be submitted to the Director- General; (d) a police clearance certificate; and (e) a letter of recommendation from the Department of Trade and Industry regarding- (i) the feasibility of the business; and (ii) the contribution to the national interest of the Republic. (2) An application for a business visa by a foreigner who has established a business or invested in an existing business in the Republic, shall be accompanied by- (a) a certificate or a factual finding report issued by a chartered accountant registered with the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants, a professional accountant registered with the South African Institute of Professional Accountants or a business accountant registered with the South African Institute for Business Accountants to the effect that- (i) at least an amount in cash as determined from time to time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available or already invested in the Republic; or (ii) at least an amount in cash and a capital contribution as determined from time-to-time by the Minister, after consultation with the Minister of Trade and Industry, by notice in the Gazette, is available or already invested in the Republic; (b) proof that at least 60% of the total staff complement employed in the operations of the business are South African citizens or permanent residents employed permanently in various positions; (c) proof of registration with the- (i) South African Revenue Service; (ii) Unemployment Insurance Fund; (iii) Compensation Fund for Occupational Injuries and Diseases; (iv) Companies and Intellectual Properties Commission (CIPC), where legally required; and (v) relevant professional body, board or council recognised by SAQA in terms of section 13(1)(i) of the National Qualifications Framework Act, where applicable; (d) a police clearance certificate; and (e) a letter of recommendation from the Department of Trade and Industry regarding- (i) the feasibility of the business; and (ii) the contribution to the national interest of the Republic. (3) A foreigner who invests in a business to be established or has invested in an existing business shall, in addition to complying with subregulation (2), submit- (a) financial statements in respect of the preceding financial year; and (b) proof of the investment. (4) The applicant must, within 12 months of the visa being issued, submit to the Director-General a letter from the Department of Labour confirming that a report regarding the undertaking referred to in section 15(1)(c)(ii) of the Act that 60% of the staff complement employed in the operations of the business are South African citizens or permanent residents who are employed permanently in various positions. (5) A business visa may be issued for a period not exceeding three years at a time. [Reg. 14 substituted by GN R1328 of 29 November 2018 (wef 1 December 2018).]
  • https://www.dha.gov.za/images/PDFs/IMMIGRATION-ACT-2002---UPDATED-2015.pdf
    (2) The holder of a business visa may not conduct work other than work related to the business in respect of which the visa has been issued. (3) The Director-General may reduce or waive the financial or capital contribution referred to in subsection (1)(a) for businesses which are prescribed to be in the national interest, or when so requested by the Department of Trade and Industry. (Section 15(3) substituted by section 5 of Act 3 of 2007) (4) The holder of a business visa shall submit proof to the satisfaction of the Director-General that he or she has fulfilled the requirements contemplated in subsection (1)(a) within 24 months of the issuance of the visa, and within every two years thereafter. (5) A business visa may be issued to a foreigner for more than one entry if multiple entries into the Republic by that foreigner over a period of time are necessary for that foreigner to conduct the business in question effectively. (Section 15 substituted by section 17 of Act 19 of 2004)
  • https://www.thedtic.gov.za/digital-business-visa-recommendation-application-process-to-enhance-efficiency-goes-live/
    The Department of Trade, Industry, and Competition ( **the dtic**) has launched the Business Visa Recommendation System (VRS), an online platform for business visa recommendation applications—for all foreign business owners applying for first, extension and or permanent residence recommendations in terms of the Immigration Act 13 of 2002. Business visa applicants will benefit from a more effective, transparent, and user-friendly application process that goes live today. According to the Acting Deputy Director-General of Investment and Spacial Industrial Development at **the dtic**, Mr Yunus Hoosen, the main objective of the system is to enhance efficiency for business visa applicants. He mentions faster processing, convenience and transparency as some of the benefits of the VRS. “The VRS replaces the email application process with a digital platform, improving efficiency and accessibility for global investors looking to reside in South Africa for the purpose of establishing, expanding and or invest in businesses. This initiative is part of inclusive and sustainable industrial development’s ongoing efforts to reduce red tape and simplify the ease of doing business in South Africa,” explains Hoosen. “From an administrative viewpoint, the VRS is a solution for collecting, managing, and reviewing applications online. In addition, it eliminates incomplete applications from being submitted, provides monitoring of applications received and finalised and provide investment-related information needed for reporting and planning amongst others,” adds Hoosen. In conclusion, Hoosen says the VRS is aligned with South Africa’s broader e-governance initiatives, which seeks to improve accessibility to government services through digital transformation. Furthermore, the VRS marks a significant milestone in modernising the country’s investment facilitation framework, reinforcing South Africa’s commitment to fostering a business-friendly environment. **
  • https://www.thedtic.gov.za/digital-business-visa-recommendation-application-process-to-enhance-efficiency-goes-live/
    Posted: March 10, 2025

These are the answers currently recorded in the catalogue. A missing or partial answer is not an eligibility decision.

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