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Permanent residence card — non-EU family member of an EU/EEA/Swiss citizen

PolandFree movement

Explore the five recorded questions, answers and sources for this pathway.

Official link

Which citizenship, status or regional agreement creates the person's right to move/reside?

The right derives from being a third-country national or stateless family member of an EU citizen (a citizen of an EU member state other than Poland, of an EEA EFTA state – Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein – or of Switzerland) who has confirmed the right of residence in Poland, or a specified family member of a Polish citizen. The legal basis is Article 21(1) TFEU and Directive 2004/38/EC, transposed into Polish law through the Act on Entry.

See recorded sources

Under which circumstances can the person reside: worker, self-employed, student, jobseeker, self-funded person or another recognised basis?

The family member's residence derives from the EU citizen's basis: for EU citizens who are employees, self-employed or economically inactive (e.g. retirees), the right extends to the spouse, children under 21 or dependent, dependent parents/parents-in-law and the parent of a minor EU citizen with actual custody; for EU citizens who are students or in vocational training, it extends only to the spouse and a dependent child. For the permanent card, the family member must have had the right to reside in Poland for more than 3 months within the required period.

See recorded sources

What entry, registration or residence-document formalities remain?

The application is submitted in person (not via MOS) on the form, with the necessary attachments including 4 biometric photographs, to the voivode with jurisdiction over the EU citizen's place of residence, before the residence card expires; a valid travel document is presented and fingerprints are taken. No stamp duty is charged; the card is issued within up to 6 months.

See recorded sources

Which non-member-country family members can accompany or join, and what broad rights do they receive?

Qualifying family members of an EU citizen: the spouse; the child of the EU citizen or of the spouse under 21 or dependent; the dependent parent or parent-in-law; the parent of a minor EU citizen who exercises actual custody and on whom the minor depends. Family members of a Polish citizen returning to Poland (spouse, child, dependent parent, parent of a minor Polish citizen) qualify where the Polish citizen previously held the right of residence or permanent residence in another state, or (for the spouse) held citizenship of another EU member state before acquiring Polish citizenship. They receive a permanent residence card annotated "family member of an EU citizen, Art. 20 of Directive 2004/38/EC". The official source does not state the broad rights, such as work, attached to the card.

See recorded sources
Limits of the record
  • The page does not describe the broad rights (e.g. work) attached to the permanent residence card; the conditions for family members of returning Polish citizens are cut off in the source ("...in another").

When do permanent/long-term rights arise and what continuity, absence or retention conditions matter?

The right of permanent residence arises after 5 years of continuous residence in Poland with the EU or Polish citizen (3 years for the spouse of a Polish citizen), having met at least one right-of-residence condition of the Entry Act; it can arise earlier where the EU citizen acquired the right as a worker or self-employed person (e.g. retirement or permanent incapacity). Residence is uninterrupted if breaks did not exceed a total of six months in a year, except compulsory military service or an important personal situation (pregnancy, childbirth, illness, studies, vocational training, secondment) not exceeding 12 consecutive months; execution of an expulsion decision interrupts residence. The permanent residence card is valid for 10 years and is then replaced on application.

See recorded sources

These are the answers currently recorded in the catalogue. A missing or partial answer is not an eligibility decision.

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