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Self-employed residence permit — Dutch-American Friendship Treaty

NetherlandsStarting a business

Explore the five recorded questions, answers and sources for this pathway.

Official link

Is this for a founder, startup entrepreneur, self-employed person, freelancer, company owner or another business profile?

This route is for a US national invoking the treaty who either trades between the Netherlands and the United States of America, or develops and leads the business operations of a business in the Netherlands, meaning one of: representing a US or Japanese business in a key position; practising an independent profession (not for or on behalf of the government or in the healthcare sector); or investing substantial capital in the business.

See recorded sources
  • https://ind.nl/en/residence-permits/work/residence-permit-self-employed-person
    Do you want to call on the Dutch-American Friendship Treaty or Dutch-Japanese Trade Treaty? These requirements apply: You meet the general requirements that apply to everyone. You have the nationality of United States of America (US) or Japan. One of these situations applies to you. You trade between the Netherlands and the United States of America or Japan. You develop and lead the business operations of a business in the Netherlands. This means that one of these situations applies to you. You represent a US or Japanese business and have a key position (very important position) at that business. You practise an independent profession. This does not apply if you work for or on behalf of the government or in the healthcare sector. You invest a lot of money (substantial capital) in your business.

What must actually exist or be demonstrated: business plan, company, innovation, clients, contracts, economic activity, job creation or other substance?

A real business activity: trade between the Netherlands and the treaty country, or a Netherlands business that the applicant develops and leads. On a first treaty application the applicant must register with the Chamber of Commerce and make the investment within 6 months of the decision, or the IND may revoke the permit. At extension, the IND requires annual accounts and a balance sheet or income statement to check that the company has been active and that the invested capital remained in the business.

See recorded sources

What investment, capital, income, revenue, funding or viability evidence is central to this pathway?

Self-employed applicants under the Dutch-American Friendship Treaty must show documentary evidence that they have invested substantial capital in their business: at least €4,500 for a sole proprietorship, general partnership (VOF), limited partnership (CV) or private limited liability company (BV), and at least €11,250 for a public limited company (NV). The checked official pages do not state a separate income or revenue threshold for this route.

See recorded sources
Limits of the record
  • The official source does not state the complete answer to this question for this route.

What business/self-employed activity may the holder conduct? Are there important restrictions? What is the family position where clearly stated?

The holder may work self-employed. Work as an employee is allowed only if the employer has a work permit (TWV). Family members may work without a TWV, as self-employed or free to work. After 5 years of work in the Netherlands, no TWV is needed any more ('free to work').

See recorded sources

What approval/application sequence applies, how long is the status granted, how is it renewed, and what longer-term residence direction is officially stated?

The checked official sources did not provide enough route-specific evidence to confirm the approval sequence, duration, renewal and longer-term residence direction.

These are the answers currently recorded in the catalogue. A missing or partial answer is not an eligibility decision.

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