How does the application work at a high level, what rights does the family member receive, how long does the status last, and how can it become independent or longer-term where officially stated?
The child receives Long-Term Resident (定住者) status, residence permitted by the Minister of Justice for a designated period considering special reasons; periods of stay are 5 years, 3 years, 1 year, 6 months or a period individually designated by the Minister (not exceeding 5 years). Applications exist for a Certificate of Eligibility, change of status, extension and acquisition of status. The official source does not state the rights attached to the status or a path to independent or longer-term status.
See recorded sources
Limits of the record- No route to an independent or longer-term status is stated on the pages read.