Introduction
South Sudan — the world's youngest country (independent since 2011) — has one of the highest displacement rates globally. Over 3.2 million South Sudanese live outside the country, driven by civil conflict (2013-2018), ongoing ethnic violence, flooding, and economic collapse. The vast majority are refugees in neighbouring East African countries, with Uganda hosting the largest population. Western resettlement options exist but are limited. For South Sudanese with professional qualifications or family connections abroad, pathways to the US, Australia, and Canada exist through refugee resettlement programmes and family reunification.
Top Destinations for Emigrants from South Sudan
| Destination (diaspora size) |
|---|
| Uganda (900K) |
| Sudan (800K) |
| Ethiopia (400K) |
| Kenya (130K) |
| DR Congo (80K) |
| US (30K) |
| Australia (30K) |
| Canada (20K) |
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Frequently Asked Questions
What are the main options for South Sudanese refugees?
UNHCR refugee registration in Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia, or Sudan is the first step. Uganda has the most progressive refugee policy in Africa, allowing refugees to work, own businesses, and access public services. From registered refugee status, UNHCR may refer individuals for third-country resettlement (primarily to the US, Canada, Australia, and Nordic countries). The US Refugee Admissions Program processes referrals from East Africa. Australia's offshore humanitarian programme accepts referrals. Canada has both government-sponsored and private sponsorship pathways. Processing times range from 1-5 years.
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